Evidence, technology, and outcomes for Nepal's trauma care
TSN's Scientific Committee is building a research agenda that spans practical AI tools for everyday practice and longer-term national priorities for trauma care and prevention.
AI tools relevant to TSN and young surgeons
Artificial intelligence is moving quickly from research labs into everyday orthopaedic and trauma practice. The areas below are gaining traction internationally and are particularly relevant for residents and young surgeons in Nepal who want to follow the evidence as these tools mature.
AI-Assisted Fracture Detection
Deep learning models that flag suspected fractures on plain radiographs are now the most studied AI application in orthopaedic trauma, with published meta-analyses reporting consistently high sensitivity and specificity. These tools are designed to support, not replace, the reporting surgeon or radiologist, and are most useful as a second check in busy emergency settings.
Generative AI for Education & Exam Prep
Large language models are increasingly used to generate practice questions, summarise guidelines, and explain complex fracture classifications. Early studies highlight real value for self-directed learning, alongside the need to verify AI-generated content against established references before relying on it for examinations.
3D Pre-Operative Planning
AI-assisted reconstruction of CT scans into 3D models can speed up pre-operative planning for complex fractures, helping surgeons visualise fragment orientation and select implants before entering the operating theatre.
Tele-Trauma Decision Support
AI-enabled triage and decision-support tools can help district hospitals and health posts communicate findings to specialists in Kathmandu, Pokhara, and Biratnagar, supporting earlier and safer referral decisions.
Simulation-Based Training
AI-supported simulators are being used to extend hands-on practice for procedures such as fracture reduction and external fixation, complementing cadaveric workshops where access to specimens is limited.
Outcome Prediction & Risk Scoring
Machine learning models that predict complications, revision risk, or rehabilitation needs from registry data could help TSN target follow-up and resources where they are most needed, once a national trauma registry is established.
Other research priorities for TSN
Alongside emerging technology, TSN's research agenda also covers core questions about the burden of trauma in Nepal and how care can be improved.
National Trauma Registry
A shared, structured registry across member hospitals would allow TSN to track injury patterns, treatment pathways, and outcomes nationally, forming the foundation for most other research priorities.
Road Traffic Injury Epidemiology
Studying the patterns and causes of road traffic injuries on major routes, including the Prithvi and BP Highways, to inform prevention campaigns and infrastructure improvements.
Rural & Pre-Hospital Care
Research into how trauma care reaches patients in remote districts, including transport times, referral pathways, and the role of trained paramedics and health post staff.
Surgical Outcomes & Complications
Audits of fixation techniques, infection rates, and functional recovery to help standardise best practice across TSN's member institutions.
Rehabilitation & Long-Term Recovery
Understanding how patients recover function and return to work after major trauma, and identifying gaps in access to physiotherapy and rehabilitation services.
Health Policy & Prevention
Working with health authorities to translate research findings into policy: from road safety regulation to staffing and equipment standards for trauma centres.
Members interested in contributing to or proposing a research project can get in touch with TSN.